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1.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 67(4): 238-250, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1021256

ABSTRACT

México está inmerso en una situación de transición social y nutricional con consecuencias para la población general. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el estado nutricional de escolares indígenas mexicanos, dependiendo de su género, edad y comunidad indígena y analizar sus hábitos alimenticios. Estudio transversal realizado en 230 escolares (7-12 años de edad), reclutados de seis comunidades indígenas en México. Se evaluó el peso, la talla, talla sentado y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de los sujetos. Para conocer sus hábitos alimentarios, los sujetos también participaron en una entrevista semi-estructurada y se les pidió que respondieran a un cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos. Existieron diferencias significativas en la talla y talla sentado por edad (p < 0.05) y no por sexo. El 17.8% presentó exceso de peso (sobrepeso + obesidad), con diferencias por edad (p < 0.05), siendo superior en chicos (20.3%) frente a chicas (14.8%). Existió asociación (p = 0.005) entre estado nutricional y comunidad de pertenencia. Existió una elevada ingesta diaria de carbohidratos (refrescos) 70.8% y de grasa mediante frituras (78.7% de casos). Existe una creciente prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad entre la población infantil perteneciente a las comunidades más aisladas y cuyo abastecimiento dependía del acceso a la tienda de cada comunidad(AU)


Mexico is currently immersed in a context of social and nutritional transition with important consequences for the general population. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status of indigenous Mexican school children, depending on their gender, age and indigenous community. We also wished to analyze their eating habits. A cross-sectional study performed on 230 school children (7-12 years of age), recruited from six indigenous communities in Mexico. Weight, standing height, sitting height, and body mass index (BMI) of the subjects were evaluated. To assess their eating habits, the subjects also participated in a semi-structured interview and were asked to respond to a food frequency questionnaire. There were significant differences in standing height and sitting height in regard to age (p<0.05) though not in regard to gender. The 17.8% of the subjects had excess weight (overweight + obesity) with significant differences for age (p < 0.05). There was a higher percentage of excess weight among boys (20.3%) than among girls (14.8%). Our study also detected an association (p = 0.005) between nutritional status and indigenous community. The eating habits of the children were characterized by a high daily ingestion of carbohydrates in the form of soft drinks (70.8%) and fat from fried foods (78.7%). There is a growing prevalence of overweight and obesity in the child population in the more isolated indigenous communities, whose food supply directly depends on access to grocery stores at each location(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Weight by Height , Nutritional Status , Infant Nutrition , Food Assistance , Anthropometry , Pediatric Obesity , Diet, Food, and Nutrition
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(2): 135-142, abr. 2016. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838183

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. El análisis de la composición corporal constituye una parte fundamental en la evaluación del estado nutricional. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer percentiles de grasa corporal por bioimpedancia eléctrica en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia, pertenecientes al estudio FUPRECOL (Asociación de la Fuerza Prensil con Manifestaciones Tempranas de Riesgo Cardiovascular en Niños y Adolescentes Colombianos). Métodos. Estudio transversal, realizado en 5850 escolares de entre 9 y 17,9 años de edad, de Bogotá, Colombia. El porcentaje de grasa corporal fue medido con bioimpedancia eléctrica pie-pie (Tanita®, BF-689), según edad y sexo. Se tomaron medidas de peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, circunferencia de cadera y estadio de maduración sexual por autorreporte. Se calcularon percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 y P97) y curvas centiles por el método LMS (L #91;curva Box-Cox#93;, M #91;curva mediana#93; y S #91;curva coeficiente de variación#93;), por sexo y edad. Resultados. Se incluyeron 2526 niños y 3324 adolescentes. Se determinaron los porcentajes de grasa corporal y las curvas de centiles por edad y sexo. En la mayoría de los grupos etarios, los valores de las mujeres fueron mayores que los de los varones. Se consideró que los participantes con valores por encima del P90 tenían un elevado riesgo cardiovascular por exceso de grasa (varones > 23,4-28,3 y mujeres > 31,0-34,1). Conclusiones. Se presentan percentiles del porcentaje de grasa corporal por bioimpedancia eléctrica según edad y sexo, que podrán ser usados como referencia en la evaluación del estado nutricional y en la predicción del riesgo cardiovascular por exceso de adiposidades en edades tempranas.


Objective. The analysis of body composition is a fundamental part of nutritional status assessment. The objective of this study was to establish body fat percentiles by bioelectrical impedance in children and adolescents from Bogotá (Colombia) who were part of the FUPRECOL study (Asociación de la Fuerza Prensil con Manifestaciones Tempranas de Riesgo Cardiovascular en Niños y Adolescentes Colombianos- Association between prehensile force and early signs of cardiovascular risk in Colombian children and adolescents).Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 5850 students aged 9-17.9 years old from Bogotá (Colombia). Body fat percentage was measured using foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance (Tanita®, BF-689), by age and gender. Weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured, and sexual maturity was self-staged. Percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 and P97) and centile curves were estimated using the LMS method (L [Box-Cox curve], M [median curve] and S [variation coefficient curve]), by age and gender.Results. Subjects included were 2526 children and 3324 adolescents. Body fat percentages and centile curves by age and gender were established. For most age groups, values resulted higher among girls than boys. Participants with values above P90 were considered to have a high cardiovascular risk due to excess fat (boys > 23.4-28.3, girls > 31.0-34.1).Conclusions. Body fat percentage percentiles measured using bioelectrical impedance by age and gender are presented here and may be used as reference to assess nutritional status and to predict cardiovascular risk due to excess fat at an early age.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Reference Values , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Electric Impedance , Colombia , Adiposity
3.
Cad. saúde pública ; 31(4): 667-681, 04/2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-744849

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la efectividad del ejercicio físico en la fatiga de pacientes con cáncer durante el tratamiento activo. Las bases de datos de PubMed Central, EMBASE y OVID fueron consultadas hasta abril de 2014 para identificar ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, que evaluaran el efecto del ejercicio en la fatiga de pacientes con cáncer sometidos a tratamiento activo. Once estudios (n = 1.407) fueron incluidos. La quimioterapia fue el tratamiento más común (n = 1.028). Los estudios tuvieron bajo riesgo de sesgo y alta calidad metodológica. Las estimaciones de efecto mostraron que el ejercicio físico mejoró significativamente la fatiga (SMD = -3,0; IC95%: -5,21; -0,80), p < 0,0001. Se encontraron efectos similares para el entrenamiento de resistencia (SMD = -4,5; IC95%: -7,24; -1,82), p = 0,001. Se encontraron mejoras significativas en pacientes con cáncer de mama y de próstata (p < 0,05). El ejercicio es una intervención segura y eficaz en el control de la fatiga en pacientes sometidos a tratamiento activo.


This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of physical exercise in decreasing fatigue in cancer patients during active treatment. The PubMed Central, EMBASE, and OVID databases were consulted up to April 2014 to identify randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effect of exercise on fatigue in cancer patients undergoing active treatment. Eleven studies (n = 1,407) were included. Chemotherapy was the most common form of treatment (n = 1,028). The studies showed a low risk of bias and high methodological quality. Effect estimates showed that physical exercise significantly improved fatigue (SMD = -3.0; 95%CI: -5.21; -0.80), p < 0.0001. Similar effects were found for resistance training (SMD = -4.5; 95%CI: -7.24; -1.82), p = 0.001. Significant improvements were found in breast and prostate cancer patients (p < 0.05). Exercise is a safe and effective intervention in the management fatigue in cancer patients undergoing active treatment.


O objetivo foi determinar a efetividade do exercício físico sobre a fadiga em pacientes com câncer durante o tratamento ativo. As bases de dados PubMed Central, EMBASE e OVID foram consultadas até abril de 2014 para identificar ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliaram o efeito do exercício sobre a fadiga em pacientes com câncer em tratamento ativo. Onze estudos (n = 1.407) foram incluídos. A quimioterapia foi o tratamento mais comum (n = 1.028). Os estudos tiveram baixo risco de viés e alta qualidade metodológica. As estimativas de efeito mostraram que o exercício melhorou significativamente a fadiga (DMP = -3,0; IC95%: -5,21; -0,80), p < 0,0001. Efeitos semelhantes sobre o treinamento de resistência (DMP = -4,5; IC95%: -7,24; -1,82), p = 0,001 foram encontrados. O exercício físico é uma intervenção segura e eficaz contra a fadiga em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento ativo.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Corpus Callosum/pathology , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods , Logistic Models , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
4.
Aquichan ; 14(4): 549-559, oct.-dic. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: lil-742590

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: verificar una mejora del estado nutricional y la adopción de hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física saludables en una población de estudiantes tras una intervención educativa en salud. Materiales y métodos: población compuesta por 90 adolescentes entre 15 y 17 años de edad, 46 hombres (51,1%) y 44 mujeres (48,9%), pertenecientes a un centro educativo público de la ciudad de Almería (España). El estudio se realizó en tres fases. La primera fase contempló valoración del estado nutricional; la segunda, intervención educativa sobre alimentación saludable y actividad física; la tercera, evaluación de la eficacia de dicha intervención. Resultados: estadísticamente hubo mejoría (p < 0,000) en el estado nutricional de los alumnos valorados con independencia de su sexo. Respecto de la adopción de hábitos saludables, se observaron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones del test Kreceplus (p < 0,000), aunque no para la actividad física tras la intervención (p = 0,568). Conclusiones: los resultados muestran la efectividad de los procedimientos aplicados en esta intervención para modificar hábitos alimentarios. Con todo ello, la práctica de ejercicio físico continúa siendo una asignatura pendiente entre los adolescentes.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify an improvement in nutritional status and the adoption of healthy habits with respect to eating and physical activity in a population of students, following a health-education intervention. Study Materials and Methods: The sample was comprised of 90 adolescents between 15 and 17 years of age; 46 are male (51.1%) and 44, female (48.9%). All of them are from a public school in the city of Almeria (Spain). The study was conducted in three phases. The first phase involved an assessment of nutritional status. The second was comprised of an educational intervention on healthy habits with respect to eating and physical activity, while the third focused on an assessment of the effectiveness of that intervention. Results: Statistically, there was an improvement (p <0.000) in the nutritional status of the students who were evaluated, regardless of their gender. As to the adoption of healthy habits, significant differences in the Kreceplus test scores (p <0.000) were observed subsequent to the intervention, although not for physical activity (p = 0.568). Conclusions: The results show the procedures applied in this intervention to modify dietary habits were effective. Yet, physical exercise remains a pending issue among adolescents.


Objetivo: verificar uma melhoria do estado nutricional e da adoção de hábitos alimentares e de atividade física saudáveis numa população de estudantes após uma intervenção educativa em saúde. Materiais e métodos: população composta por 90 adolescentes entre 15 e 17 anos de idade, 46 homens (51,1%>) e 44 mulheres (48,9%>), pertencentes a um centro educacional público da cidade de Almería (Espanha). O estudo foi realizado em três fases. A primeira fase contemplou avaliação do estado nutricional; a segunda, intervenção educativa sobre alimentação saudável e atividade física; a terceira, avaliação da eficácia dessa intervenção. Resultados: estatisticamente, houve melhoria (p < 0,000) no estado nutricional dos estudantes avaliados independentemente de seu sexo. A respeito da adoção de hábitos saudáveis, observaram-se diferenças significativas nas pontuações do teste Kreceplus (p < 0,000), embora não para a atividade física após a intervenção (p = 0,568). Conclusões: os resultados mostram a efetividade dos procedimentos aplicados nessa intervenção para modificar hábitos alimentares. Com tudo isso, a prática de atividades físicas continua sendo uma matéria pendente entre os adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Nutritional Status , Adolescent , Education, Nursing , Obesity , Motor Activity
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(12): 1541-1546, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-705573

ABSTRACT

Background: Recent studies suggest that the age at first pregnancy, number of children and the lapse between births may protect against breast cancer. Furthermore, serum levels of estrogen, prolactin and progesterone appear to contribute to the development of this tumors in obese women. Aim: To verify whether the variables age at first pregnancy, number of children, birth interval, hormone levels and nutritional status are associated with the age at diagnosis of breast cancer. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of550female patients, diagnosed and treated for breast cancer at a hospital in Spain between 2009 and 2012. Results: We found a significant and positive association between age at diagnosis of cancer and the variables age at first pregnancy, parity and interval between pregnancies. There was also a significant correlation (p < 0.000) between serum levels of estrogen, prolactin and progesterone and nutritional status of patients. Conclusions: In this sample, age at first pregnancy or number of children, hormone levels and nutritional status are related to the age of onset of cancer.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Birth Intervals , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Gravidity , Nutritional Status/physiology , Parity/physiology , Age of Onset , Breast Neoplasms/blood , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Estrogens/blood , Obesity/blood , Progesterone/blood , Prolactin/blood , Registries , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology
6.
Rev. nefrol. diál. traspl ; 32(4): 222-226, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-696382

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: El pioderma gangrenoso es un trastorno crónico que consiste en una ulceración dolorosa, de etiología desconocida. Puede desarrollarse en áreas que han sufrido un trauma o heridas quirúrgicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue la evaluación v atención de enfermería en un paciente varón de 47 años afecto de Granulomatosis de Wegener, con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC) en hemodiálisis desde hace 7 años. Pacientes: El paciente tras 15 días de intervención quirúrgica para realización de fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) comenzó a desarrollar, una úlcera dolorosa que aumentó de tamaño de manera progresiva. Resultados y conclusiones: Desde el comienzo se puso en marcha el tratamiento, que consistía, entre otras cosas, en curas locales con solución salina la aplicación tópica de valerato de betametasona con gentamicina, obteniendo una mejora significativa ele la úlcera. Se concluye (que el tratamiento local fué un éxito, siendo recomendable la realización de un protocolo para pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes, que aunque raras, pueden causar este tipo de lesiones.


Background and objectives: Pyoderrna gangrenosum is a chronic, painful, ulcerative skin of unknown etiology. In 50% of cases, is associated with systemic diseases, mainly inflammatory bowel disease. lt can develop in areas of trauma or surgical wounds. The aim of this study was the evaluation and nursing care in a patient with chronic kidney disease stage undergoes dialysis Wegener's granulomatosis, pyoderrna gangrenosum who developed a scar on cephalic arteriovenous fistula in his right hand. Patient and method: Since the beginning of the ulcer and 40 days was set in motion the plan, which consisted of local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin, for a significant improvernent of the ulcer. Results and conclusion: Local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin was a success, although it is clearly essential to nursing, performing a protocol for patients with autoimmune diseases, although rare, can cause this type injury, so interdisplicinar collaboration is essential to act quickly when they occur, the prevention of major risks to the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis , Pyoderma Gangrenosum
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 140(10): 1263-1267, oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-668698

ABSTRACT

Background: Several studies have analyzed the relation between obesity and the hormonal imbalances generated by overweight and a family history of breast cancer. All of these factors are potentially implicated in the early development of breast cancer. Aim: To verify the existence of a significant relation between the nutritional status of breast cancer patients, their hormone serum levels (estrogens, prolactin, and progesterone), and the existence of a family history of breast cancer. Material and Methods: Retrospective data was collected from clinical records of524 women diagnosed with breast cancer in a Spanish hospital. Results: There was a positive association between estrogen, progesterone and prolactin serum levels and body mass index. The elevations in hormone levels occurred earlier in life among women with a family history of breast cancer. A two way ANOVA found a significant association between progesterone and prolactin levels with the age at diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusions: Extreme serum levels of these hormones appear to be related to the early development of breast cancer, which in turn is influenced by the existence of a family history of cancer among those women with normal or average hormone levels.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Estrogens/blood , Nutritional Status/physiology , Obesity/blood , Progesterone/blood , Prolactin/blood , Age of Onset , Analysis of Variance , Breast Neoplasms/blood , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Obesity, Morbid/blood , Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(3): 1019-1022, Sept. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665518

ABSTRACT

El angiosarcoma de mama constituye una neoplasia vascular maligna muy poco frecuente en la mama, con una incidencia inferior al 0,05 por ciento de entre todos los tumores primarios que asientan en la mama. Teniendo en cuenta que su edad de aparición es a partir de la tercera-cuarta década de la vida, resulta preocupante la aparición de casos a edades cada vez más tempranas. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 25 años de edad con antecedente de fibroma mamario benigno desde los 17 años que degenera en un angiosarcoma mamario...


Breast Angiosarcoma is a malignant vascular neoplasm rare in the breast with an incidence of less than 0.05 percent of all primary tumors in the breast that seat. Given its age of onset is from the third to fourth decade of life, it is disturbing to the occurrence of increasingly early ages. We describe the case of a patient 25 years old with a history of benign breast fibroid from the 17 years that degenerates into a breast angiosarcoma...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Hemangiosarcoma/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Clinical Evolution , Fatal Outcome , Hemangiosarcoma/surgery , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
9.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 32(2): 170-173, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656823

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La candidiasis cutánea es una enfermedad que afecta tanto a población infantil como adulta. Las forma de presentación puede ser localizada o sistémica y el agente etiológico múltiple, siendo las especies infecciosas de Candida albicans más prevalentes en niños. Objetivo. Presentar un caso de candidiasis cutánea congénita cuya causa aparente fue la transmisión vertical durante el parto. Material y metodología. Se describe el caso de un recién nacido a término expuesto a una candidiasis vaginal subclínica, que desarrolló una candidiasis cutánea congénita por C. albicans asociada a sepsis y dificultad respiratoria en las primeras 24 horas de vida. Se practicaron hemocultivos, biopsia cutánea de las lesiones pápulopústulo-vesiculosas, análisis de sangre y punción lumbar. Resultados. En la bioquímica y el hemograma se encontró una proteína C reactiva de 5,7 mg/dl, leucocitosis con desviación a la izquierda y anemia leve. A las 24 horas, en el control se encontró una proteína C reactiva (7,82 mg/dl) que fue en aumento progresivo durante tres días, por lo que se practicó punción lumbar. El hemocultivo fue positivo para Staphylococcus aureus. La biopsia cutánea dio como resultado histológico la candidiasis cutánea. Conclusiones. El diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para prevenir complicaciones derivadas del cuadro producido por C. albicans en neonatos.


Introduction. Cutaneous candidiasis is a disease that affects children as well as adults. The presentation may be localized or systemic, and with multiple etiological agents. The most prevalent infecting species in children differs from that of the adult. Objective. A case is presented where a congenital cutaneous candidiasis was transmitted to the child during birth. Materials and methods. A full term newborn was exposed to a subclinical vaginal candidiasis infection, and 24 hr after birth, developed congenital cutaneous candidiasis. The etiological agent was Candida albicans, and was associated with sepsis and respiratory distress. Blood cultures, cutaneous biopsy of vesicular lesions, blood tests and lumbar puncture were performed. Results. Biochemistry and blood count showed a CRP of 5.7 mg/dl, leukocytosis with left shift and mild anemia. After 24 hr, the blood analyses showed an increase in a CRP (7.8 mg/dl) and increased progressively for three days; consequently, a lumbar puncture was performed. Blood culture was positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Cutaneous biopsy confirmed the cutaneous candidiasis. Conclusions. The early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications derived by the Candida albicans in newborns.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/congenital , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Administration, Cutaneous , Administration, Oral , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bicarbonates/administration & dosage , Bicarbonates/therapeutic use , Coinfection , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/complications , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/pathology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/transmission , Cefotaxime/administration & dosage , Cefotaxime/therapeutic use , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Early Diagnosis , Emollients/administration & dosage , Emollients/therapeutic use , Miconazole/administration & dosage , Miconazole/therapeutic use , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Potassium Permanganate/administration & dosage , Potassium Permanganate/therapeutic use , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Sepsis/etiology , Staphylococcal Infections/complications , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Therapeutic Irrigation
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(10): 1269-1275, oct. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-612193

ABSTRACT

Background: The need to educate adolescents about healthy sexual behavior motivated the development of an education program on sexuality. Aim: To describe the knowledge of students about sexuality and the implementation of a sexual education project. Material and Methods: Sixty students aged 14 years (34 females), attending the third year of secondary education participated in dynamic workshops about healthy sexual behaviors. Results: The most common reactions of students when facing situations related to sexual behavior were shame, anxiety, fear and lack of knowledge. Group dynamics improved the practical knowledge of students about sexual behavior, allowing them to make informed decisions. Conclusions: These innovative educational techniques should be expanded to other students.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Healthy People Programs/methods , Sex Education/methods , Sexual Behavior , Students/psychology , Spain , Students/statistics & numerical data
11.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(3): 1022-1027, Sept. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-608700

ABSTRACT

El empleo de los bifosfonatos supone en la actualidad una herramienta de especial relevancia para el manejo terapéutico de diversas patologías, en tanto que forman parte del tratamiento estándar. Sin embargo, y de un modo casi paralelo, se han documentado un amplio número de casos en los que el paciente, secuencialmente a su tratamiento con bifosfonatos, ha desarrollado un cuadro de necrosis avascular en región maxilar y/o mandibular. Cuadro éste, de complejo abordaje, que tiende a comprometer y mermar la calidad de vida de nuestros pacientes. No obstante, la posible aparición de esta complicación, no debe por otra parte, implicar reticencias en cuanto a su uso en la terapéutica, sino más bien constituir un aspecto a vigilar durante el tiempo de terapia. El objetivo de este trabajo es alertar sobre las posibles complicaciones en pacientes que reciben terapia con bifosfonatos a través de la revisión de la literatura y la presentación de tres nuevos casos clínicos.


The use of bisphosphonates is now particularly important in the therapeutic management of various pathologies, as an integral part of standard therapy. However, in an almost parallel form, a large number of cases have been documented in which the patient following treatment with bisphosphonates, developed a vascular necrosis event in the maxillary and/or mandibular region. This is an event of complex approach which tends to compromise and undermine the quality of life for our patients. However the possible occurrence of this complication should not on the other hand, imply misgivings about their use in therapy, but rather constitute an event to be monitored during the time of therapy.The aim of this paper is to advise about possible complications in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy through literature review and the presentation of these three new clinical cases.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/complications , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/diagnosis , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/pathology , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/therapy , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/drug therapy
12.
Colomb. med ; 42(1): 111-116, ene.-mar. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-585762

ABSTRACT

Osteoporosis is defined as a reduction in bone mass. This loss is more important in states of malnutrition, physical inactivity, and with a poor dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium. Bone mineralization depends on both genetic and nutritional factors, as well as endocrine, metabolic, and mechanical factors. Several studies in children have shown that the development of osteoporosis in adulthood may be influenced by the nutritional status during childhood, especially with regard to the contributions of calcium and vitamin D. However, currently there are many questions regarding its pathogenesis and diagnosis and its treatment, some of which are reviewed in this paper. The aim of this work has been to provide an update on the main factors associated with the development of osteoporosis and its prevention in infancy.


La osteoporosis se define como una reducción de la masa ósea. Diversos estudios en niños han demostrado que el desarrollo de osteoporosis en la etapa adulta puede verse condicionado por el estado nutricional durante la infancia, sobre todo en lo referente a los aportes de calcio y vitamina D. No obstante, en la actualidad existen numerosos interrogantes en lo referente a los procesos fisiológicos implicados en su desarrollo precoz en el niño. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido analizar los principales factores implicados en el desarrollo de la osteoporosis y su prevención en la etapa infantil. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática que incluye un total de 46 artículos publicados en los últimos trece años en Medline. Los estudios analizados coinciden porque consideran que la osteoporosis en el niño representa una manifestación o, mejor, la consecuencia de una situación patológica de base, que condiciona su aparición y desarrollo. Su prevención debe ser considerada en un marco más amplio de estrategias de prevención.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Osteoporosis , Risk Factors
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